The Juvenile Court is responsible for adjudicating matters regarding minors. Juvenile Court cases generally fall into one of three major categories: Delinquency, Family In Need of Services (FINS), and Dependency-Neglect.

Delinquency Delinquency cases involve allegations that a minor has committed an act that would be considered a crime if committed by an adult. These cases are handled in juvenile court, which focuses on accountability, rehabilitation, and the best interests of the youth rather than punishment alone. The process may include hearings, supervision, counseling, community service, or other court-ordered services designed to address the needs of the child and promote positive development. Juvenile proceedings are generally confidential, and the court works closely with families, schools, and community partners to support the minor’s success and reduce the likelihood of future offenses.

 Family in Need of Services (FINS) case is a civil court matter involving a child and family who are experiencing ongoing behavioral, school attendance, or supervision concerns that require court intervention and supportive services. These cases may involve issues such as habitual truancy, running away, or a child being beyond the control of a parent or guardian. The purpose of a FINS case is not to punish the child or family, but to provide assistance and connect them with appropriate services such as counseling, mental health treatment, educational support, or parenting resources. The goal is to strengthen family relationships, improve the child’s well-being and school attendance, and prevent further legal involvement by addressing concerns early and constructively.

Dependency-Neglect A Dependency-Neglect case involves situations where a child is alleged to have been abused, neglected, or placed at risk due to a parent’s or guardian’s actions or inability to provide proper care. These cases are typically initiated by the state after a report to child protective services and may address concerns such as unsafe living conditions, substance abuse, inadequate supervision, educational neglect, or physical or emotional harm. The court’s primary focus is the safety and best interests of the child, which can result in services for the family, temporary removal of the child, or, in serious cases, termination of parental rights. Because these proceedings move quickly and can have life-changing consequences, it is critical for parents and caregivers to understand their rights and have experienced legal guidance throughout the process.